| Advanced Study Group of Spiritismhttp://www.geae.inf.br/Founded on October 15th 1992
 The Spiritist Messenger - Monthly Electronic Report of   
 the GEAE Group
 GEAE 12th year - Number 45 - distributed: December 2003
 
                                       
        "Unshakable faith is only that which can face reason face to face 
 in every Humankind epoch." 
                                                                                                                        
  Allan Kardec                            
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          |   " What lies behind 
 us and what lies before us are small matters compared to what lies within 
 us."  | 
        
          | Ralph
  Waldo Emerson 
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    Dear Readers,
    
    We had been pondering on what would be a good message to use as an Editorial 
 for this December issue when we received an email from the Emmanuel Spiritist 
 Center enclosing a very special message. After reading it we decided that 
 it was perfect for the ocasion. We hope that you enjoy the lesson as we did.
    
    Much Peace
    
    The GEAE Editors
    
        
*
    
    
    The old man sat in his gas station on a cold Christmas Eve. He hadn't 
been  anywhere in years since his wife had passed away. He had no decorations, 
no tree, no lights. It was just another day to him.
     
    He didn't hate Christmas, just couldn't find a reason to celebrate.   
 There were no children in his life. His wife had gone. He was sitting there 
 looking at the snow that had been falling for the last hour and wondering 
 what it was all about when the door opened and a homeless man stepped through.
     
    Instead of throwing the man out, George, Old George as he was known by
 his customers, told the man to come and sit by the space heater and warm
up. "Thank you, but I don't mean to intrude," said the stranger. "I see you're 
 busy. I'll just go" 
     
    "Not without something hot in your belly," George turned and opened a 
wide  mouth Thermos and handed it to the stranger.   "It ain't much,
but it's hot and tasty. Stew. Made it myself. When you're done there's coffee
 and it's fresh." Just at that moment he heard the "ding" of the driveway 
bell.  "Excuse me, be right back," George said.
     
    There in the driveway was an old 53 Chevy.   Steam was rolling 
 out of the front. The driver was panicked. "Mister can you help me!" said 
 the driver with a deep Spanish accent. "My wife is with child and my car 
is broken." George opened the hood. It was bad. The block looked cracked from
the cold; the car was dead. "You ain't going in this thing," George said
as he turned away.
     
    "But mister. Please help...." The door of the office closed behind George 
 as he went in. George went to the office wall and got the keys to his old 
 truck, and went back outside. He walked around the building and opened the 
 garage, started the truck and drove it around to where the couple was waiting.
     
    "Here, take my truck," he said. "She ain't the best thing you ever looked 
 at, but she runs real good." George helped put the woman in the truck and 
 watched as it sped off into the night.  George turned and walked back 
 inside the office.
     
    "Glad I gave 'em the truck. Their tires were shot too. That ol' truck 
has  brand new........" George thought he was talking to the stranger, but 
the  man had gone. The thermos was on the desk, empty with a used coffee cup
beside  it. "Well, at least he got something in his belly," George thought.  
 George went back outside to see if the old Chevy would start. It cranked 
slowly, but it started. He pulled it into the garage where the truck had been.
He thought he would tinker with it for something to do. Christmas Eve meant
no customers. He discovered the block hadn't cracked, it was just the bottom
hose on the radiator. "Well, shoot, I can fix this," he said to himself. So
he put a new one on. "Those tires ain't gonna get 'em through the winter either."
He took the snow treads off of his wife's old Lincoln. They were like new
and he wasn't going to drive the car.
     
    As he was working, he heard shots being fired.  He ran outside and
 beside a police car an officer lay on the cold ground.  Bleeding from
 the left shoulder, the officer moaned, "Help me." George helped the officer
 inside as he remembered the training he had received in the Army as a medic.
 He knew the wound needed attention.  "Pressure to stop the bleeding,"
 he thought. The uniform company had been there that morning and had left
clean shop towels. He used those and duct tape to bind the wound.
     
    "Hey, they say duct tape can fix anythin'," he said, trying to make the
 policeman feel at ease. "Something for pain,"  George thought. All
he  had was the pills he used for his back. "These ought to work." He put
some  water in a cup and gave the policeman the pills.
     
    "You hang in there. I'm going to get you an ambulance." The phone was 
dead.  "Maybe I can get one of your buddies on that there talk box out in 
your car."  He went out only to find that a bullet had gone into the dashboard 
destroying  the two way radio. He went back in to find the policeman sitting 
up. "Thanks,"  said the officer. "You could have left me there.  The 
guy that shot me is still in the area." George sat down beside him. "I would 
never leave an injured man in the Army and I ain't gonna leave you."  
George pulled  back the bandage to check for bleeding. "Looks worse than what
it is. Bullet  passed right through 'ya. Good thing it missed the important 
stuff though.  I think with time your gonna be right as rain."
     
    George got up and poured a cup of coffee. "How do you take it?" he asked. 
 "None for me," said the officer. "Oh, yer gonna drink this. Best in the city.
 Too bad I ain't got no donuts." The officer laughed and winced at the same
 time. The front door of the office flew open. In burst a young man with
a  gun. "Give me all your cash!  Do it now!" the young man yelled. 
 His hand was shaking and George could tell that he had never done anything
 like this before.
     
    "That's the guy that shot me!" exclaimed the officer. "Son, why are you
 doing this?" asked George. "You need to put the cannon away. Somebody else
 might get hurt." The young man was confused. "Shut up old man, or I'll shoot
 you, too. Now give me the cash!" The cop was reaching for his gun. 
"Put that thing away," George said to the cop. "We got one too many in here
now." He turned his attention to the young man.  "Son, it's Christmas
Eve If you need the money, well then, here. It ain't much but it's all I
got. Now put that pee shooter away." George pulled $150 out of his pocket
and handed it to the young man, reaching for the barrel of the gun at the
same time.
     
    The young man released his grip on the gun, fell to his knees and began
 to cry. "I'm not very good at this am I? All I wanted was to buy something
 for my wife and son," he went on. "I've lost my job. My rent is due. My
car  got repossessed last week..." George handed the gun to the cop. "Son,
we all get in a bit of squeeze now and then. The road gets hard sometimes,
but we make it through the best we can." He got the young man to his feet,
and sat him down on a chair across from the cop.  "Sometimes we do stupid
things." George handed the young man a cup of coffee. "Being stupid is one
of the things that makes us human. Comin' in here with a gun ain't the answer.
Now sit there and get warm and we'll sort this thing out."
     
    The young man had stopped crying. He looked over to the cop. "Sorry I 
shot  you. It just went off. I'm sorry officer."  "Shut up and drink 
your coffee." the cop said.
     
    George could hear the sounds of sirens outside.  A police car and
 an ambulance skidded to a halt. Two cops came through the door, guns drawn.   
 "Chuck! You ok?" one of the cops asked the wounded officer. "Not bad for 
a guy who took a bullet. How did you find me?" "GPS locator in the car. Best 
 thing since sliced bread. Who did this?" the other cop asked as he approached 
 the young man. Chuck answered him, "I don't know. The guy ran off into the 
 dark. Just dropped his gun and ran."
     
    George and the young man both looked puzzled at each other. "That guy 
work  here?," the wounded cop continued. "Yep," George said. "Just hired him
this  morning. Boy lost his job." The paramedics came in and loaded Chuck 
onto the stretcher. The young man leaned over the wounded cop and whispered, 
"Why?"  Chuck just said, "Merry Christmas boy. And you too, George, and thanks 
for  everything."
     
    "Well, looks like you got one doozy of a break there. That ought to solve 
 some of your problems." George went into the back room and came out with 
a box. He pulled out a ring box. "Here you go. Something for the little woman. 
 I don't think Martha would mind. She said it would come in handy some day." 
 The young man looked inside to see the biggest diamond ring he ever saw. 
"I can't take this," said the young man. "It means something to you." "And 
now it means something to you," replied George.  "I got my memories. 
That's all I need." George reached into the box again.  an airplane, 
a car and a truck appeared next.  They were toys that the oil company 
had left for him to sell. "Here's something for that little man of yours." 
The young man began to cry again as he handed back the $150 that the old man
had handed him earlier. "And what are you supposed to buy Christmas dinner
  with? You keep that too," George said. "Now git home to your family."
     
    The young man turned with tears streaming down his face. "I'll be here
 in the morning for work, if that job offer is still good." "Nope. I'm closed 
 Christmas day," George said. "See ya the day after."  
     
    George turned around to find that the stranger had returned. "Where'd 
you  come from? I thought you left?" "I have been here. I have always been 
here,"  said the stranger. "You say you don't celebrate Christmas. Why?"  
"Well,  after my wife passed away I just couldn't see what all the bother 
was. Puttin'  up a tree and all seemed a waste of a good pine tree. Bakin' 
cookies like  I used to with Martha just wasn't the same by myself and besides 
I was getting  a little chubby."
     
    The stranger put his hand on George's shoulder.  "But you do celebrate 
 the holiday, George. You gave me food and drink and warmed me when I was 
cold and hungry. The woman with child will bear a son and he will become a
great doctor. The policeman you helped will go on to save 19 people from being
killed by terrorists. The young man who tried to rob you will make you a
rich man and not take any for himself. That is the spirit of the season and
you keep it as good as any man."
     
    George was taken aback by all this stranger had said. "And how do you 
know  all this?" asked the old man. "Trust me, George. I have the inside track
on this sort of thing. And when your days are done you will be with Martha
again." The stranger moved toward the door.
     
    "If you will excuse me, George, I have to go now. I have to go home where 
 there is a big celebration planned." George watched as the old leather jacket 
 and the torn pants that the stranger was wearing turned into a white robe. 
 A golden light began to fill the room.  "You see, George... it's my 
birthday. Merry Christmas."
     
    George fell to his knees and replied, "Happy Birthday, Lord."
    
    
       
The
  Alliance of Science and Religion: A contribution from Mathematics
     
    
       
    
       
English translation of a
paper published in Fidelidade Espírita, October (2003)
    
    
    Recent
  research in Mathematics is showing that solidarity and cooperation lead
a social group to evolve faster than selfishness. It constitutes an important 
 scientific result favoring the essential lessons of the Gospel. 
    
    Unfortunately, 
a good part of our society does not enhance the religious teachings considering 
 them as product of fanatism. The most scientists only see the selfishness 
 as the only one reason for all acts of the human being and they say that 
it is in Nature when consider the idea given by the expression “the selfish 
gene”[1] that states that the evolution promotes the individuals that have 
higher capacity of proliferating themselves. In other words, the genes that 
reduce the success of being spread tend to disappear. 
    
    Despite 
the  idea of the selfish gene be verified in several processes in Nature there
 is an intricate question for which the scientists does not have an answer
 yet. It is about the strange cooperative behavior and altruism between animals
 of different species and families [2,3]. The human altruistic behavior cannot
 be understood in terms of the gene-based evolutionary theories [4]. It is
 known [3] that Charles Darwin [5,6], the father of the Theory of Evolution, 
 noted that the process of natural selection could not promote by itself the
 altruistic behavior where some individuals reach the point of reducing their
 abilities so as to favor other members of the species. We shall present
 here an interesting scientific research, motivated by these questions, whose
 solutions we interpret in a moral sense. 
    
    The subject 
 of this paper agrees with some of Allan Kardec’s statements found in the 
issue 8 of chapter one of The Gospel According to Spiritism, with the title: 
“The Alliance of Science and Religion”[7]. We transcribe the following part:
    
    “Science
 and Religion are the two levers of human intelligence, one revealing the
laws of the material world, the other revealing the laws of the moral world.
But seeing that these laws have the same principle, which is God, they cannot 
 contradict themselves.”(Original remarks). 
    
    This statement 
 is a fundamental idea that reveals the divine character of all creation. 
As Kardec says if Science and Religion contradict one each other than one 
or another will be incorrect because God, “the Supreme Intelligence, first 
cause of all things” (question 1 of the Spirit’s Book [8]. Our remarks.) did
not intent the destruction of His own creation. We, spiritists, knew that
it is in vain that the scientists, politicians and sociologists look for
formulas for the social progress out of the Christian essential principles. 
Kardec [7] also said that:
    
    “We have
 now reached a phase upon this planet when the teachings of Christ must be
 completed and the intentional veil cast over some parts of these teachings
 lifted. A time when science must desist in its exclusive materialism, so
taking into consideration the spiritual element; when religion must cease
to ignore the organic and immutable law of matter, so that both may become
two forces, each learning one the other and advancing together in mutual
concourse. Then religion, no longer discredited by science and no longer
being able to oppose the overwhelming logic of the facts, will acquire an
unshakable power because it will be in agreement with reason.”
    
    Therefore,
  when the results of scientific research cannot be used against the religious 
 teachings, these will acquire a strong power because they will be in accord 
 to reason. But, if these scientific results start showing that the religious 
 teachings are correct or sensible, the materialistic and selfish people will
 not have excuses anymore to regard the religious teachings to the plane of
 the blind faith. 
    
    So, who 
could  imagine that just the most abstract science, Mathematics, could give 
rise  to some results that verify some of the Jesus’ essential moral teachings? 
 In this paper, we shall present the news about a research in Mathematics 
and Statistics where subjects like “cooperation” and “non-cooperation”, “altruism”, 
 “selfish”, etc., are analyzed numerically using statistical models that reflect
 the behavior of a given population. We explain that these models do not
say  anything about a human behavior because the free will is not a mathematic
 function. These models only reflect the statistical behavior of a group
of people where a given percentage, for example, cooperates, other percentage
 does not-cooperate, and so on. Despite the obtained results are amazing,
the scientists usually try to explain them in terms of an acquired behavior
in thousands of years of evolution, in the sense given by the Darwin’s Theory
 of Evolution. 
    
    The so-called 
 Theory of Games [9] is the basis of the research [10,11] we shall present 
 in this paper. This theory was developed to study the behavior of social 
groups interacting together, for example, in economic investments. There is
a game called “The Public Goods Game” that is defined as follows. A group 
of players receives a given amount of money to invest in a common pool. The 
rules are: in each step the sum of invested money is doubled and then shared 
equally to all participants, independent of how much money each one put in 
the pool. Each player can invest the value he or she wants including the possibility
 of not investing anything. The maximum profit occurs if all players invest
 all money they have (all cooperate). But there is a temptation: do not invest
 anything and receive the other players’ interest (attitude of non-cooperation).
 The temptation occurs because who does not-cooperate always gains more money
 than who cooperates after each step of the game (see table 1). However,
by  seeing that someone did not-cooperate, the other players tend also to
not-cooperate  and the final consequence is that all players do not-cooperate,
anyone gaining  anything (table 1). Therefore, in common public goods, actions
based on purely  selfishness lead to own prejudice (is this thinking not
familiar in the Gospel?).  It is a social dilemma appearing in the dynamics
of several social activities  as, for example, the Health Plan. If each person,
that belongs to a Health  Plan, thinks that he or she have to use the service
all time only because  it is being paid, the consequence will be the increasing
of the price or the bankruptcy of the company. If all cooperate using the
Health Plan only when it is really needed, it will be possible to make the
service to get better and even the price to get down. Therefore, all participants
will have  the advantage of the cooperative behavior. 
    
        
      
        
          | Players | Strategy 1: All Cooperate | Strategy 2: All Do Not-Coperate 
 | Strategy 3: Player A Does 
 Not-Cooperate | 
        
          | Before 
 | After 
 | Before 
 | After | Before 
 | After | 
        
          | A 
 | 10,00 
 | 20,00 
 | 10,00 
 | 10,00 
 | 10,00 
 | 25,00 
 | 
        
          | B 
 | 10,00 
 | 20,00 
 | 10,00 
 | 10,00 
 | 10,00 
 | 15,00 
 | 
        
          | C 
 | 10,00 
 | 20,00 
 | 10,00 
 | 10,00 
 | 10,00 
 | 15,00 
 | 
        
          | D 
 | 10,00 
 | 20,00 
 | 10,00 
 | 10,00 
 | 10,00 
 | 15,00 
 | 
               
      
    
    Table
  1: Examples of different strategies in the Public Goods Game, where the
invested money is doubled and then shared equally to the participants. Players
A, B, C and D received, initially, US$10,00 to invest in the common pool.
“BEFORE” and “AFTER” mean the values that each player owns before and after
a step of the game. In the strategy 1, all cooperate investing all money,
gaining the double of what they had before playing one step of the game.
In the strategy 2, all do not-cooperate not investing anything and therefore,
not gaining anything. In the strategy 3, only the player A does not-cooperate
and his or her interest was higher than that of the other players that invested
all money they had. If the player A does not invest anything, the sum of
invested money by the other players is equal to US$30,00. After doubling
this value, the total amount to be shared with all players is US$60,00. After
dividing  by the 4 players, in accord to the rules of the game, it results
in US$15,00 for each player. As the player A did not invest anything he or
she owns US$25,00, while the other players own only US$15,00. That is the
reason of the temptation of not investing anything and receiving the interest
from the others’ investments. But if all players act like that, nobody gains
nothing. 
    
    Numerical simulations 
 in a computer machine showed how the social groups evolve where each individual, 
 in order to make the most profit, may choose changing of strategy among the
 possible ones as cooperate, not-cooperate, or even, not-play (in the last
 case the player does not receive anything from the common pool). Under varied
 conditions as, for example, the payment of a tax to make an investment, after
 some time (or after running the game for various times), several situations 
 are verified that predominate within the social group as the cooperative 
or non-cooperative behavior. In an interesting scientific work, Szabó 
 e Hauert [12] showed that, in these computational simulations, voluntary
 participations of whom usually does not-play, prevent the group from increasing
 the number of the non-cooperators (the ones that do not invest anything
and  receive part of the total interest). 
    
    But, the
 main purpose of such a research is not to see the Christian teachings. We
 note that there exist economic motivations behind that. However, it is impossible 
 not seeing the moral consequences that the results of this research present. 
 It is interesting to note how these moral results rise naturally from the 
 computational simulations of this game without consider them as hypotheses. 
 We see that when the society really follows the Christian teachings, summarized 
 in the phrase: “you must love God and your neighbor as yourself”, then the 
 humanity will evolve much more quickly, in all senses, because all cooperate 
 and all will fell the good consequences of this cooperation. What do we think
 is important to see is that this conclusion is becoming a mathematical certainty.
 
    
        
 
   
    
       
Figure 1: Picture that represents
the consequences and results of the research in Mathematics. For example,
we have equations and numbers. Who could say that Mathematics is verifying
the consequences of the lessons of the Gospel? 
    
    
    The dynamics of
 the Public Goods Game has some similarity with the process of evolution
of  a spirit. After many selfish steps, that represent non-cooperative attitudes 
 of the spirit during the life, the principle of cause and effect (Chap. V
 of The Gospel According to Spiritism [7]), returns to us the consequences 
 of our acts and decisions, compelling us to “play” in a charitable and kind 
 way (i.e., to cooperate) in the next opportunities of the life. We suggest 
 the reading of a great article of Richard Simonetti [13], that stimulate 
us to invest in the “Bank of the Providence, assisting all people who lives 
in material difficulties, people who needs every kind of help, assisting them
in these needs.”[13](Our translation from the original in Portuguese). 
    
    We call 
the  spirit of Emmanuel, in answer to the question 69 of the book called O
Consolador  [14], to conclude our paper (by talking about the spiritual value
of the abstract sciences. Mathematics is one of them):
    
    “We cannot 
 neglect the cooperation of the abstract sciences to the educative postulates, 
 by training the intelligences, dilating the spontaneity in the spirits, in
 order to establish the facility of understanding of the value of the planetary
 life, but we have to acknowledge that its activities, almost always related
 to the world problems, are processes or means by which man reaches the science
 of life in its deepest spiritual revelations, science that symbolizes the
 divine aim of all investigations and analysis of the organization of the
 Earth.”(Our remarks and our translation from the original in Portuguese). 
 
    
    The results 
 of the above research reflect each individual’s choices with respect to the
 acts performed during the life. This choice depends on each one’s degree 
of evolution. Therefore, all efforts in our innermost reform constitute the 
greatest investment for a real good future life, with peace and love. May 
God continue helping us to make this effort!
    
        
*
    
    
    The author 
 would like to thank Mr. Renato Costa and Mrs. Marcia for correcting the translation
 of this paper from the original in Portuguese into English. 
    
    Referênces
    
    [1] R. Dawkins,
 The Selfish Gene, Oxford University Press, (1989). 
    [2] K. Sigmund 
e C. Hauert, Current Biology, Vol. 12, p. R270 (2002)
    [3] F. Michor
e  M. A. Nowak, Nature (London), Vol. 419, p. 677 (2002). 
    [4] E. Fehr and
 U. Fischbacher, Nature, Vol. 425, p. 785 (2003). 
    [5] The reader 
will  find a complete description of the Charles Darwin’s Theory of Evolution 
and  its connection to Spiritism in the book of the reference [5].
    [6] H. M. L. de
 Souza, Darwin e Kardec Um Diálogo Possível, Centro Espírita 
 Allan Kardec Dep. Editorial, (2002). 
    [7] A. Kardec, 
The  Gospel According to Spiritism, The Headquarters Publishing CO LTD (London), 
 1st. Edition, (1987). 
    [8] A. Kardec, 
The  Spirits’ Book, Editora FEB (Brasília), 2a. Edição, 
(1996).  
    [9] J. von Neumann 
 e O. Morgenstern, Theory of Games and Economic Behavior, Princeton Univ. 
Press, New Jersey, (1944). 
    [10] M. A. Nowak, 
 R. M. May e K. Sigmund, Scientific American, Vol. 272, p. 76 (1995). 
    [11] K. Sigmund,
 E. Fehr e M. A. Nowak, Scientific American, Vol. 286, p. 83 (2002). 
    [12] G. Szabó 
 e C. Hauert, Physical Review Letters, 89, p. 118101 (2002). 
    [13] R. Simonetti, 
 Reformador, Agosto, p. 14 (2003). 
    [14] Emmanuel, 
Psicography  of F. C. Xavier, O Consolador, Editora FEB, 20a. Edição 
(1999).
    
    
       
    
    
       
    
       
    
        
Ernest O'Brien, through Waldo Vieira
    
        
(message received on 
 July 10, 1965, New Your City, New York, USA, reproduced from the Chapter 
35 of the book Entre Irmãos de Outras Terras / Among Brothers of Other 
 Lands. Rio de Janeiro: FEB, 1994)
    
    
        
*
    
       
       
       
On
  what basis shall we localize the problem of death? Of course, there is
no   death. Life itself demands death as a rebirth; between both our conscience
  remains.
       
Experiences
  may come and experiences may go; in the meantime, conscience goes on. Conscience 
 is Divine Justice within us. Do not forget you live always.
       
A
spirit  must be seen for what he is; therefore he can only continue hereafter
in the place for which he has adjusted himself. One goes through the gate
of  death to live again. As you know, one finds one seeks.
       
Later
  on you will receive happiness in the beyond according to your own deeds
now.  Think about this. Make believe you are in your own plain after death
and look over your obligations before you contract them.
       
Each
  morning ask yourself: What am I looking for? First of all hear your conscience;
  do not beat about the bush. Each one of us must bow to the truth.
       
When
  you are wrong it is better to admit your mistakes without reservation and
  henceforward repair them. You are called upon to hurt yourself, but do
not  cheat yourself out of it.
       
Education
  for happiness in the beyond revolves about our daily troubles. You cannot
  achieve good works without effort.
       
Trials
  reveal character. If you promise to help someone, do it now. If you want
 improvement  do not leave it for tomorrow. Do it today.
       
You
  are born from heaven and you will get back there carrying in your conscience 
 the fruit of your works. Before you go back to the beyond you must cleanse 
 your inner world. Above all keep a good conscience. The field of thought 
is free. Truly you live in acts and not dreams.
       
Where
  God is joy is, but where God is there is also responsibility. Use the gifts
  lent to you in the good of all, because when death arrives you have everything
  that you gave to others. Here and there may God’s love be seen through
you.
    
        
The Spiritual Importance of a Family 
    
     
         
 Received inspirationally 
 by Yvonne Limoges
    The   Spiritist Society
of Florida 
    
    The family 
 unit is the most important and primary learning ground for spirits who have 
 incarnated into the material plane of existence from the spirit world. The 
 particular family a spirit is born into, is the ideal place where the spirit 
 (based on their actions or non-actions on ties with others from previous 
material existences) can expiate and/or make reparation regarding those immediately 
 around them, which provides the spirit the most perfect circumstance for 
their own personal spiritual growth.    
   
 
       
Once spirits have reached a certain level of development, prior to incarnating, 
 they know what spirits will become their parents and also their children. 
 There is a perfect reason and cause for everything in the universe, so the 
 placement of specific spirits together in the closest of relationships as 
 in a particular family, also has a just and good cause. If each spirit will 
 take advantage of their unique situation in the family, it can provide them 
 maximum spiritual development and evolution for a particular lifetime.   
 
       
 
       
The parents have the responsibility to love, nurture (in all aspects), 
 and educate all their children (or others who may be in their direct care) 
 to the best of their abilities. The children in their turn, are to learn 
from them, and to love and respect their parents. Both parties are together 
to learn valuable life lessons from each other, some of which may be very 
painful, but the causes are always just (subject to the Universal Law of Cause
and Effect) because God is All Love. 
       
 
       
In the continuation of this process of incarnating spirits in individual 
 families, groups of spirits incarnate as family groups. Each family group 
 constituting an entity unto itself which differs intellectually, socially, 
 spiritually, and morally. All groups of families are at different levels 
of growth and development in these areas. If a spirit advances more than the
group as a whole, it may move into another more advanced group of souls, which
will better serve to further its spiritual and moral development.
       
 
       
As we all incarnate into the different groups of individual family units, 
 and into groups of families, we evolve in all areas. It is the exercise of
 our mutual love for each other individually in a family unit, and then in
 a whole family group, which will help us to develop, evolve, and expand our
 love, from these individuals, to finally all of humanity. 
       
 
       
Love for single individuals is restrictive and conditional; many times 
 possessive, sensual, and very material, and although a very important first 
 step, it is a very limited love. But, love which has evolved to the point 
 where it truly encompasses all of humanity, is an unlimited unbounded love, 
 without the imperfect human frailties and tendencies of exclusivity or, of
 self-interest. 
       
 
       
So, keeping all the above in mind, we must each strive hard to fulfill 
 our duties and responsibilities of love for those within our own family and
 within our own family groups; helping and loving each other as best we can
 (although at times we may experience ungratefulness or even hostility), in
 order to develop and expand our imperfect human love into a more morally 
pure, spiritually advanced, and infinite love for all of humanity… for we 
are all brothers and sisters (all spirits) of the same Creator.
     
    
       
    
    
       
       
    
THE ASTRAL CITY
  
       
A STORY OF A DOCTOR'S ODYSSEY IN THE SPIRIT 
 WORLD
    
       
By
  Andre Luiz, through Francisco C. Xavier 
       
(Translated
  from the 25th Portuguese edition entitled "Nosso Lar". First Portuguese
edition published in 1944 by Federação Espírita Brasileira, 
 Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.) 
       
Chapter
  37  VENERANDA'S LECTURE  
       
All through my work the 
 following day, I looked forward to Veneranda's lecture, which was scheduled 
 to take place after the evening prayers. Knowing that I needed permission 
 to attend, I sought out Tobias. 
       
"These talks," he said, 
 "are only attended by truly earnest spirits.  The instructors here can't
 afford to waste time. You may go along with the hundreds of workers and
patients  of the Ministries of Regeneration and Assistance." 
       
"I trust you will profit 
 by it." He added, encouragingly. 
       
My new day was spent in
intense activity. The visit to my mother and her enlightening words on the
practice of good had filled my spirit with sublime contentment. At first her
explanation of the hour-bonus had raised certain doubts in my mind how could
compensation be granted by God? Wasn't the reckoning of time a task of the
spirit or human administrator? Tobias explained that the task of recording 
 the period of service was generally assigned to administrators, as was that 
 of fixing standards of wages and privileges according to a worker's merit, 
 but only the Divine Forces could accurately calculate the essential value 
 of time. There are workers who, after devoting forty years to some activity, 
 end up just as inefficient as they began, a sure sign that they accomplished 
 their task without the least spiritual interest. Likewise there are people 
 who after a hundred years of earthly life will depart just as ignorant as 
 they arrived. 
       
"To understand how precious 
 your mothers concept is," Tobias said, "it is enough to compare the hours 
 spent by good men to those wasted by bad ones. The former become fountains 
 of divine blessings, while the latter are instruments of torture and remorse. 
 Each living being must settle accounts with the Father for opportunities 
received and work accomplished." 
       
At the hour appointed 
 for the lecture, following the evening prayer, Narcisa, Salustius and I made
 our way to a large "natural hall". The hall was a wonder of shades of green,
 and we sat on comfortable benches formed from the vegetation. Various flowers
 glittered under the light of the chandeliers and scented the air with ineffable
 perfume. 
       
I looked around curiously. 
 I noticed twenty of them sitting decidedly apart from the crowd, between 
us and the flowery mound which supported the lecturer's chair. I inquired, 
and Narcisa explained: 
       
"We are seated with the 
 regular audience. The brothers in the special seats are the most advanced 
 students on the subject to be covered this evening. They are the only ones 
 allowed to ask the instructor questions or present arguments. They have acquired
 this privilege through their applying themselves to that particular line
of study. We may also attaint such a privilege, in time." 
       
"Aren't you allowed to 
 sit with them?" I asked. 
       
"Not this evening. As 
 yet, I may sit there only when the lecture deals with the treatment of disturbed 
 entities. However, some my stay for lectures on more than one topic, according 
 to the degree of the knowledge they have already acquired." 
       
"A curious procedure." 
 I remarked. 
       
"The Governor," she continued, 
 " established the procedure in all classes and lectures in the different 
ministries to keep them from being converted into futile discussions of unfounded 
personal beliefs. Any worthy doubts or differing viewpoints may be duly considered 
 and elucidated, but only at the proper moment." 
       
She had hardly finished 
 speaking when Veneranda entered the hall, accompanied by two women of distinguished 
 bearing, who, Narcisa informed me, were Ministers of Communication. Every 
 face lit up with joy at the sight of Veneranda, who looked nothing like the
 old lady her name seemed to imply. She appeared to me to be noble, simple, 
 and unaffected. After a brief exchange of words with the brothers in the 
special seating, she began by saying: 
       
"As usual, our short meeting
does not allow for long bursts of eloquence. I am here to talk to you about
certain thought processes. Among us tonight are a few hundred listeners who
are still surprised about the similarity of forms on the physical plane and
in our spirit sphere. They have learned that thought is the universal language,
and have been told that mental creation is the most important factor in spirit
life. Numerous brothers are asking themselves questions, such as why they
find earthly dwellings, utensils, and even the same forms of speech here. 
Yet this fact should not be a motive of surprise to anyone. We must not forget
that, up to now, while in the physical body, we have lived in circles of
antagonistic vibrations. Thought is the basis of all spiritual relations,
but we must keep in mind that we are millions of souls in the Universe still
far from perfect obedience to universal laws. We cannot, as yet, be compared
with our older and wiser brothers nearer to the Divine Spheres. We are millions
of entities living in the undisciplined 'inferior worlds' of our Ego. The
great instructors of physical mankind teach divine principles and expound
eternal truths, but in our earthly life we generally learn these laws without
obeying them; we acknowledge these truths without consecrating our lives
to them. 
       
"Now then, do you imagine 
 that by just admitting the power of thought, man can be purged of his inferior 
 condition? Certainly not, it would be impossible. A hundred years on the 
planet represent much too short a period of training for us to become divine 
cooperators. During our earthly apprenticeship, we learn the principles of 
mental force, but forget that, for thousands of years, we have used our thought 
energies to form destructive mental creations, or at best creations harmful 
to ourselves. 
       
"We follow courses of 
 spiritualization in the various religious schools of the world, yet, with 
 most of us, it is frequently a question of mere verbal adherence, of lip 
service and nothing else. No one, however, can attend to his duty through 
words alone. The Bible teaches us that the Lord of Life Himself did not stop 
with the Word, but put His creative work into Action. 
       
"We all know that though 
 is an essential force, but we overlook the fact that we have misused that 
 force over centuries. We all know that it is man's duty to provide for his 
 own children; likewise each spirit is compelled to maintain and nourish his
 own creations. A criminal idea will produce mental creations of the same
nature; a lofty principle will observer the same laws. Let me illustrate the
fact with a more objective example. After rising to great heights, water is
purified and carries vigorous vital fluids, returning as the vivifying dew
and generous rains. Keep it on Earth, mixed with the impurities on the soil,
and it will become   a foul mire, a habitat for destructive micro-organisms.
       
"Thought is a living force
everywhere. It is the creative atmosphere involving the Father and His children,
the Cause and Effects in the Universal Home. Through it men become either
angels on their way to heaven or devilish fiends on the road to hell. Have
you grasped the importance of this? Of course, evolved minds, both discarnate
and incarnate, may communicate mentally without any need for form. Thought
is, in itself, the basis of all of the mind's silent messages within the
marvelous planes of intuition shared by beings of all kinds. Within this
principle, a spirit who has lived only in France can communicate, mind-to-mind, 
 with one in Brazil, regardless of language barriers. The language will always 
 be that of the receiver. This, of course, depends on perfect attunement. 
However, we are not yet in the spheres of mental purity where all creatures 
are perfectly attuned to one another. Here we attune to one another in isolated 
groups and are compelled to carry on the transitory tasks of the planet so 
that we may return to it with a higher degree of efficiency. 
       
"Therefore, the Astral 
 City as a transitory spirit colony is a great blessing granted us as an 'additional
 mercy' in order that a few may prepare themselves to rise to higher spheres,
 and the majority may return to Earth on redeeming missions. I beg you, my
 friends, let us all realize the importance of the processes of the mind
and  live up to them from now on." 
       
"Who is willing to try?" 
 She said as she smiled to the audience after a long pause. 
       
Soft music filled the 
 air with melodious strains. The instructor continued to speak, radiating 
love, comprehension, sympathy and wisdom. Then, without any preparatory phrases 
 or gestures, she closed her talk with a question. 
       
"What? Is the lecture 
 over already?" I asked, surprised to see the audience rising to leave. 
       
"That's Veneranda's way." 
 The nurse answered with a smile. "She always finishes her talks when the 
listeners are the most enthusiastic. She likes to say that the lessons of 
the Gospel began with Jesus, but no one knows when and how they will end." 
 
       
Chapter
  38   TOBIAS' HOME  
       
On my third day in the 
 Chambers of Rectification, Tobias delighted me with a pleasant surprise. 
After work, when the night attendants had taken over, I was taken to his home,
where moments of instructive entertainment awaited me. 
       
When we arrived he introduced 
 me to two women, one already elderly and the other approaching middle age. 
 He explained that the first was his sister, the second his wife. Lucian and
 Hilda, both gracious and affable, welcomed me cordially. 
       
We gathered in library, 
 where I noticed beautifully bound books, all works of great spiritual value. 
 Hilda invited me into the garden to see some delicately shaded arbors. Each 
 residence in the Astral City seemed to specialize in raising certain flowers. 
 Lysias' home contained gloxinias and hundreds of lilies, while numerous hydrangea
 banks rose luxuriantly from a carpet of violets at Tobias' home. Here and
 there rose clusters of slender trees, reminding me of young bamboo, whose
 upper branches were joined by enormous flowery bows of a curious climbing 
 plant, forming a graceful canopy. 
       
An intoxicating fragrance 
 floated in the air. I couldn't put my admiration fully into words. We were 
 speaking of the beauty of the landscape in general, as seen from that angle 
 of the Ministry of Regeneration, when Luciana called us back to the house 
 for a light meal. 
       
Enchanted with the simple 
 and cordial family atmosphere, I could find no words to give thanks to my 
 host. After some friendly talk, Tobias said, smiling: 
       
"My friend André 
 here is a newcomer to out Ministry, and probably doesn't know my family background
 yet." 
       
They all smiled at me, 
 and, noticing my silent interest, the head of the household continued: 
       
"In fact, there are several 
 families similar to outs here. You see, I was married twice…."  He added,
 pointing to both ladies good humouredly. 
       
"Yes, indeed." I stammered, 
 extremely confused, "You mean that both Hilda and Luciana shared your experiences 
 on Earth." 
       
"Exactly." He answered 
 calmly. 
       
Hilda turned to me and 
 said apologetically: 
       
"You must excuse our Tobias,
brother André. Whenever we entertain newcomers from Earth he always
starts talking about the past." 
       
"And why not?" Tobias 
 asked, good humouredly. "Shouldn't it be a motive of legitimate joy to conquer 
 the monster of jealousy, acquiring at least a small degree of true brotherly 
 love?" 
       
"The problem really does 
 concern us all." I remarked. "There are millions of people on Earth who have
 twice made sacred marriage vows. Ho would we resolve such a delicate sentimental
 problem in the face of spiritual survival? We know that physical death merely
 transforms without destroying, and that spirit ties continue unbroken throughout
 infinity. How to proceed, then? Condemn the man or woman for marrying more
 than once? We would find millions of creatures in the same circumstances.
 I have often wondered at the passage in the Gospel in which the Master,
referring  to marriage in Eternity, promises us the life of angels." 
       
"We must remember, however," 
 added the kind host, "with all due respect to out Lord, that we aren't yet 
 in the sphere of angels, but that of discarnate people." 
       
"But how can we cope with
such a problem here?" I asked. 
       
"Very simply. We know 
 that between the irrational animal and rational man there are a series of 
 gradational positions. Likewise, between ourselves and the angels there is
 a great distance to travel. Therefore, how could we aspire to the company 
 of such angelic beings if we aren't even fraternal with each other? Of course, 
 there are strong hearted travelers who, in a supreme effort of the will, 
face and surpass each obstacle they meet. The majority, however, can't do 
without bridges or the charitable help of devoted guides. Because of this 
truth, cases of this nature are settled through genuine brotherhood, keeping 
in mind that true marriage, a union of souls, can never be broken." 
       
Luciana, who had kept 
 silent, joined in" 
       
"However, it's only fair 
 to add that we owe our present condition of happiness and comprehension to
 Hilda's spirit of love and self-denial." 
       
But Tobias' wife protested 
 with humble dignity: 
       
"Oh, please. Don't bestow 
 virtues on me which I don't possess. But, so that our guest might learn from
 my painful apprenticeship, I'll try to summarize our story." 
       
With an introductory gesture,
she began her touching story: 
       
"Tobias and I were married 
 while still very young, in deference to the sacred spirit affinity we felt. 
 I don't think it necessary to describe the happiness of two souls who, united 
 by real love, are joined in the holy vows of matrimony. Death, however, seemed
 jealous of our great bliss, and ended my physical life when our second child
 was born. Our grief was indescribable. Tobias wept hopelessly while I felt
 incapable of controlling my own despair. 
       
"Oh, the sad days I spent 
 in the Lower Zone, stubbornly clutching to my husband and two children, deaf
 to all exhortations sent me by my spirit friends. I wanted to fight, like
 a mother hen defending her nest, yet I realized that Tobias had to reorganize
 the home and that the children were badly in need of maternal care. My sister-in-law,
 who was single, couldn't stand the children, and the cook only feigned dedication
 to them. The two young nurses were unreliable girls, incapable of assuming
 any serious responsibilities. 
       
"Faced with that unbearable 
 situation, Tobias could no longer put off an urgent decision, and one year 
 after my death he married Luciana. If you only knew how I fought against 
it I was like a wounded tiger! In my ignorance, I went as far as to struggle 
 against the poor girl, trying to kill her. It was than that Jesus, in His 
 great mercy, granted me the providential visit of my maternal grandmother, 
 who had passed over so many years before. I was greatly surprised to see 
her arriving somewhat casually, as if for no special purpose. She sat down 
and drew me to her lap, just as she used to when I was a child. She asked, 
tearfully, 'well now, my grandchild. What is your role in life are you a lioness
or a soul conscious of God? Don't you see that our sister Luciana acts as
a mother to your children, keeps your house, tends to your garden, and puts
up with your husband's moods? Do you think she isn't good enough to become
his temporary companion in the struggles of life? Is this the way to show
your gratitude for divine benevolence and reward those who serve you? Do
you want to accept Luciana as a slave, but despise her as a sister? Hilda,
have you forgotten the teachings of the Crucified? My poor, misguided grandchild'.
       
"Throwing my arms around 
 my grandmother's neck I cried my heart out. I abandoned my old home in her 
 company and came to serve in this blessed spirit colony. Luciana became as
 one of my daughters, and I began to devote all my energies to serious studies
 and to the moral improvement of my inner self. Tobias raised another family,
 which also became mine by sacred spirit bonds. I tried to help everyone in
 my old home, without exception. In time Tobias came to join me here, and
finally, to out great joy, Luciana also arrived. This, my friend, is our
story." 
       
"But Hilda didn't tell 
 you how much she had to go through to teach me with her example." Added Luciana.
 
       
"Now no …" objected Tobias' 
 wife, stroking Luciana's hand. Luciana continued with a smile: 
       
"Thanks to Jesus and to
Hilda I learned that there are different kinds of marriages: those of love,
of fraternal motives, of tests, and of duty. The day Hilda granted me forgiveness
with a fraternal kiss I felt that my heart broke away from the monster of
jealousy. Spiritual matrimony forges a bond of souls, while others, even
though sacred, are merely covenants of duty needed for the readjustment of
past errors of fulfillment of redeeming processes." 
       
"And so we organized our
new home based on true brotherhood" Tobias added. 
       
"How are marriages made 
 here?" I asked, availing myself of a pause. 
       
"Through vibratory combination," 
 Tobias explained kindly, "or to make it clearer, by perfect attunement."
 
       
Unable to control my curiosity,
and forgetting my manners, I went on: 
       
"But what is Luciana's 
 position, exactly?" 
       
"When a married Tobias, 
 a widower, I should have known that our union would probably be fraternal. 
 Yet it cost me much suffering to understand that. In fact, it is only logical 
 co conclude that when a couple suffers from restlessness, incomprehension 
 and sadness their marriage is only a physical union, not a spiritual bond."
  
       
I still had another question, 
 but could find no words to express it without seeming unduly indiscreet. 
Hilda sensed my thoughts, however: 
       
"Don't worry, Luciana 
 is already spiritually betrothed. Her companion of many earthly existences 
 returned to the physical sphere a few years ago and she'll follow him next 
 year. I think the happy meeting will be in Sao Paulo." 
    We all smiled
joyfully.  At that moment Tobias was called to the Chambers of Rectification
to attend  to a serious case. Thus our pleasant talk came to an abrupt end. 
    
     Next chapters: 39 & 40.
  
        
    
    
       
       
    
Question:
    
    Is there a web-site where I may find statistics concerning the
number  of Spiritas in Brazil, and in the world, that is up-to-date
and reliable?   I have found, for instance, statistics that estimate
the number  of Kardecistas in Brazil from 1,000,000 in one site
to 4,000,000 in another site.  If you could help me, I would appreciate
it.  I need this for a class that I am taking on world religions. 
Thank you very much.
     
    Mike Aoun
    
    Comment:
    
        
Dear Mike,
       
 
       
Thank you for asking us about the 
 number of Spiritists in Brazil.
       
 
       
In our last Census, which was held 
 in 2000, the percentage of people who assumed to be Spiritists was 1.38% 
of Brazil’s population, corresponding to 
 2,337,432 people. Although the percentage of people who declared themselves 
 without any religion was as high as 7.26%, Spiritism stood as the third religion
 in number of assumed followers. The first one was Catholicism with 73.8%
and the second one the “Evangélicos” with 15.4%. 
       
 
       
As you see, there is an official 
 number for Census 2000: 2,337,432 Spiritists in Brazil However, I would like
 to ponder on that number.
       
 
       
Many people prefer to hide their 
 real beliefs when they know that by 
 declaring them they would have to argue in order to support their views. 
When one needs to argue one has to study. Many people I know believe in the 
communication with Spirits and in the Reincarnation law and yet they declare 
themselves as Catholics. Why they do so? For a very simple reason, I think. 
Catholics are 73.8% of the population and anyone who was baptized
when a baby can consider oneself Catholic. So, instead of studying hard the
Spiritst Doctrine in order to know how to support their beliefs they prefer
to declare themselves Catholics. It’s a pity but there is something good
in that. If not assumed Spiritists they are at least sympathizers with Spiritism 
 with good chances of coming as assumed Spiritists 
 in their next life. 
       
 
       
Answering your question, although 
 I ‘m sure that many more people follow the Spiritst Doctrine in Brazil, I advise you to use the number 
 from Census 2000.
       
 
       
Whole country: 1,38% or 2,337,432 
 people.
       
 
       
The result by state was as follows: 
 
       
 
  
       
Goiás: 2,81% 
       
Distrito Federal: 2,80% 
    
       
Rio de Janeiro: 2,76% 
    
       
Rio Grande do Sul: 2,14%
  
       
São Paulo: 2,05% 
    
       
Minas Gerais: 1,35%
  
       
Mato Grosso: 1,33%
  
       
Mato Grosso do Sul:1,20% 
    
       
Pernambuco: 1,16% 
       
Sergipe: 0,87% 
       
Santa Catarina: 0,85%
  
    
       
Bahia: 0,74% 
       
Paraná: 0,66%
  
       
Espírito Santo: 0,56% 
    
       
Pará: 0,54% 
    
       
Rondônia:
  0,53% 
       
Amazonas: 0,46% 
    
       
Tocantins: 0,45% 
       
Ceará: 0,44% 
       
Alagoas: 0,40% 
       
Paraíba:
  0,37% 
       
Roraima: 0,31% 
       
Rio Grande do Norte: 0,28%
  
       
Acre: 0,19% 
    
       
Piauí: 0,11% 
       
Maranhão:
  0,08% 
       
Amapá: 0,08% 
    
       
    I'm sorry but I know of no statistics about how many Spiritists there 
are  in the wholwe world.
    
       
    
       
Much peace
       
 
       
Renato Costa